与“ 枕戈待旦 ”有关的作文

枕戈待旦的中英文成语故事

本文导读：枕戈待旦【解释】： ：古代的一种兵器，和“矛”相似；旦：天亮。枕着武器躺着，等待天亮。形容杀敌心情急切，毫不松懈，时刻准备迎战。

西晋人祖逖和刘琨，都是性格开朗、仗义好侠的志士。年轻时不但文章写得好，而且都喜欢练武健身，决心报效祖国。当时，晋朝表面上还管辖着中原大地，但实际上已是内忧外患，风雨飘摇了。祖逖和刘琨一谈起国家局势，总是慷慨万分，常常聊到深夜。

一天，祖逖又和刘琨谈得十分兴奋，刘琨不知什么时候睡着了，祖逖却久久沉浸在谈话的`兴奋之中，不能入睡。“喔，喔，喔－－”荒原上的雄鸡叫了起来，祖逖一跃而起，踢醒了刘琨：“听，这雄鸡啼鸣多么振奋人心呀，快起来练剑吧！”于是，两人操起剑来，在高坡上对舞。从此，他俩每天清早听到头一声鸣叫，一定来到荒原上抖擞神练起剑来。

刘琨被祖逖的爱国热情深深感动，决心献身于祖。一次他给家人的信中写道：“在国家危难时刻，我经常‘枕戈待旦’（枕着兵器睡觉一直到天明），立志报国，常担心落在祖逖后边，不想他到底走到我的前头了！……”

故事出自《晋书·祖逖传》。“枕戈待旦”出自刘琨《与亲故书》，形象地写出了刘琨随时准备杀敌报国的决心。后来用作成语，形容时刻警惕敌人，准备作战。

本文导读：枕戈待旦【解释】： ：古代的一种兵器，和“矛”相似；旦：天亮。枕着武器躺着，等待天亮。形容杀敌心情急切，毫不松懈，时刻准备迎战。

Lying with one‘s Head Pillowed on a Spear，Waiting for Day to Break

In the Western Jin Dynasty there were two young men.One of them was Zu Ti and the other was Liu Kun.Both of them were men of ideals and integrity who were chivalrous and of a sanguine disposition.They not only wrote excellent articles but also were fond of practising martial arts to keep fit， in order to render meritorious service to the country.Both of them were chief clerks responsible for document administration in Luoyang.Although in appearance the Jin Dynasty had jurisdiction of the Central Plains comprising the middle and lower reaches of the Haunch and threatened by foreign invasion.Zu Ti and Liu Kun often talked about the country’s situation till late into the night，and each time they talking very excitedly again.Liu Kun fell asleep without knowing it，but Zu Ti was too excited to fall asleep.“ Cock-a-doodle-doo，”came the crow of rooster in the wasteland.Zu Ti jumped up and kicked Liu Kun awake：“Listen.How inspiring the rooster‘s crow is.Let’s get up and practised on a slope.From then on，they kept practising sword playing vigorously and energetically in the wasteland every day when they heard the first crow in the morning.Deeply moved by Zu Ti‘s patriotic passion，Liu Kun was determined to devote himself to his homeland.Once he wrote to his family：”At the time when the country is in dire peril，I am resolved to dedicate myselt to the service of my country.I often fear that I might lag behind Zu Ti in rendering service to the country，and，in fact，I am behind him.。。“ The words” sleep with my head pillowed on a spear，waiting for the day to break“vividly described Liu Kun’s determination to dedicate himself to the service of the country and to fight the enemy at any time.Later，this set phrase is used to mean maintaining sharp vigilance and being ready to fight at any time.”

（责任编辑：小炼）

【枕戈待旦的中英文成语故事】

晋朝人刘琨，字越石，魏昌（在今山东无棣县东北）人。在青年时代就有为国立功的大志。他和祖逖〔tì〕同为“司州主簿”（司州，治所在今河南洛阳；主簿，管文书簿籍的官吏），两人有很深的友谊。他们对于当时内忧外患的国家危局，抱着共同的看法，也怀着共同的报国决心。两人夜间同睡一床，经常谈到深夜。有一天半夜，忽然听得鸡啼。祖逖有心事，一听鸡啼，更睡不着了，便用脚踢踢刘琨，问：“听见鸡啼吗？”原来刘琨也没睡着。祖逖说：“这声音不坏嘛，倒有激励人心的作用，咱们起来舞剑吧！”（旧时迷 信，以半夜鸡啼为不祥。）两人一跃而起，抽出宝剑，抖擞精神，兴奋地对舞起来。

这段故事，叫做“闻鸡起舞”。《晋书·祖逖传》和《资治通鉴·晋纪》中都有记载。

后来，祖逖果然领兵北伐，为晋朝收复了很多失地。《晋书·刘琨传》载：刘琨见祖逖比他先进，心情很是激 动，他写信给他的亲友说,“我经常‘枕戈待旦’，立志报‘常恐祖生先我着鞭’，不想他到底走在我前头了！……

上述两段故事，产生了三句成语：

“闻鸡起舞”,形容有志之士及时奋发自励。

“枕戈待旦”,形容随时准备杀敌的决心。连睡觉时都枕着武器，直到天明，无时不在警惕着。

由于刘琨的“常恐祖生先我着鞭”一语，后来人们常用“先鞭”、“祖鞭”或“祖生鞭”等形容奋勉争先，因而又有“着人先鞭”、“猛着先鞭”、“争着祖鞭”等一类的成语。宋朝范成大有“争着祖生鞭”的诗句。（着〔zhuó〕，先一着。着人先鞭，喻先人一步，得志在前。)